Profilo

venerdì 12 febbraio 2016

I Cutaia di Racalmuto e la turca Kütahya

Sempre sensibile, attento, pensoso il novello mio caro amico LILLO CUTAIA mi interpella per vedere se posso dargli qualche dritta sulle sue radici racalmutesi.
La famiglia CUTAIA, meglio i tanti ceppi della famiglia Cutaia sono la trama fondamentale dell’essere, divenire, prosperare in questa nostra Racalmuto. Me li ritrovo i Cutaia sin dai primissimi logori fogli datati 1554 in Matrice. Chi fa più fortuna chi regstra qualche affievolimento economico chi si laurea ed emigra che so a Roma chi si afferma nell’alta burocrazia di Stato, insomma ecco le grandi famiglie di paese che assurgono a valori eccelsi nella cultura, nel grande commercio, ed anche in quello che Pasolini chiamava il Palazzo.
Rifarne qui la storia e su due piedi sinceramente impensabile. Ma succede che invece di dare ghiotte notizie a Lillo Cutaia sui Cutaia è Lillo Cutaia che me ne fornisce una che mi manda in brodo di giuggiole. Cutaia è nome molto presumibilmente  arabo. Una città apre una provincia in Turchia  me ne darebbe insospettata conferma-
Kutahya
L’etimologia non la so né francamente mi interessa.  Le etimologie – tolte quelle di origine greca o latina – per il resto sono elucubrazioni spesso affoganti nello stagno delle ‘cervellotiche congetture’. Accontentiamoci di  qualche notizia su questa città turca che riecheggia antiche prosapie racalmutesi.  

 

Kütahya

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Kütahya
Municipality
Kütahya Clock Tower
Kütahya Clock Tower
Location of Kütahya within Turkey.
Location of Kütahya within Turkey.
Kütahya is located in Turkey
Kütahya
Kütahya
Location of Kütahya within Turkey.
Coordinates: 39°25′N 29°59′E / 39.417°N 29.983°E / 39.417; 29.983Coordinates: 39°25′N 29°59′E / 39.417°N 29.983°E / 39.417; 29.983
Country Turkey
RegionAegean
ProvinceKütahya
Area[1]
 • District2,484.16 km2 (959.14 sq mi)
Population (2012)[2]
 • Urban224,898
 • District248,054
 • District density100/km2 (260/sq mi)
Time zoneEET (UTC+2)
 • Summer (DST)EEST (UTC+3)
Websitewww.kutahya.bel.tr
Kütahya (Turkish pronunciation: [cyˈtahja]) is a city in western Turkey with 237,804 inhabitants (2011 estimate), lying on the Porsuk river, at 969 metres above sea level. It is the capital of Kütahya Province, inhabited by some 564 294 people (2011 estimate). The region of Kütahya has large areas of gentle slopes with agricultural land culminating in high mountain ridges to the north and west. The city's Greek name was Kotyaion[pronunciation?], Latinized in Roman times as Cotyaeum[pronunciation?].[3]


History[edit]

Kütahya is remembered as Cotyaeum during classical times. It later became part of the Roman province of Phrygia Salutaris,[4] but in about 820 became the capital of the new province of Phrygia Salutaris III. Its bishopric thus changed from being a suffragan of Synnada to a metropolitan see, although with only three suffragan sees according to the Notitia Episcopatuum of Byzantine Emperor Leo VI the Wise (886-912), which is dated to around 901-902.[5] According to the 6th-century historian John Malalas, Cyrus of Panopolis, who had been prefect of the city of Constantinople, was sent there as bishop by Emperor Theodosius II (408-50), after four bishops of the city had been killed. Two other sources makes Cyrus bishop of Smyrna instead. The bishopric of Cotyaeum was headed in 431 by Domnius, who was at the Council of Ephesus, and in 451 by Marcianus, who was at the Council of Chalcedon. A source cited by Lequien says that a bishop of Cotyaeum named Eusebius was at the Second Council of Constantinople in 553. Cosmas was at the Third Council of Constantinople in 680–681. Ioannes, a deacon, represented an unnamed bishop of Cotyaeum at the Trullan Council in 692. Bishop Constantinus was at the Second Council of Nicaea in 692, and Bishop Anthimus at the Photian Council of Constantinople (879),[6][7][8] No longer a residential bishopric, Cotyaeum is today listed by the Catholic Church as a titular see.[9]
Under the reign of Byzantine Emperor Justinian I the town was fortified with a double-line of walls and citadel. In 1071 Cotyaeum (or Kotyaion) fell to the Seljuk Turks and later switched hands, falling successively to the Crusaders, Germiyanids, Timur-Leng (Tamerlane), until finally being incorporated into the Ottoman Empire in 1428. During this time a large number of Christian Armenians settled in Kotyaion/Kütahya, where they came to dominate the tile-making and ceramic ware production.[10] With this, Kütahya emerged as a renowned center for the Ottoman ceramic industry, producing tiles and faience for mosques, churches, and official buildings in places all over the Middle East.[11] It was initially center of Anatolia Eyalet till 1827, when Hüdavendigâr Eyalet was formed. It was later sanjak centre in Hüdavendigâr Vilayet in 1867. It was briefly occupied by troops of Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt in 1833.
At the end of the nineteenth century, Kütahya's population was counted at 120,333, of which 4,050 were Greeks, 2,533 Armenians, 754 Catholics, and the remainder Turks and other Muslims.[12] It is noteworthy that Kütahya and the district itself were spared the ravages of the Armenian Genocide of 1915, when the Turkish governor went to extreme lengths to protect the Armenian population from being uprooted and sent away on death marches.[12] Kütahya was occupied by Greek troops on 17 July 1921 after Battle of Kütahya–Eskişehir during Turkish War of Independence and captured in ruins[citation needed] after the Battle of Dumlupınar during the Great Offensive on 30 August 1922.

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